Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Olfaction Disorders , Humans , COVID-19/complications , Olfaction Disorders/etiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination with inactivated vaccines BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac in Chinese children aged 3-7 years with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and explore factors influencing vaccination and reasons for nonvaccination. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involving parents of 397 BPD children aged 3-7 years was conducted through WeChat or follow-up telephone interviews using a standardized questionnaire form. Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination were explored by using modified Poisson regression models. RESULTS: The overall COVID-19 vaccination rate was 69.0% (95% confidence interval: 64.3%-73.4%). COVID-19 vaccination was less likely to be accepted in children whose mothers had a relatively high educational background (university and above), who lived in urban areas and had a low birth weight (<1 kg), a history of hospitalization for lung diseases in the past 12 months, and intellectual disability. Conversely, kindergarten students and children from families with an annual income of >300,000 CNY ( ≈ $\approx $ 41,400 USD) were more likely to accept vaccination. Adverse reactions occurred in 13/274 children (4.7%) within 10 days after vaccination. With respect to reasons of not accepting COVID-19 vaccination, 95 parents (77.2%) worried about the adverse reactions, and 17 parents (13.8%) refused vaccination on the excuse of not being convenient to go to the vaccination station or not knowing where to get the vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 vaccination rate in BPD children aged 3-7 years needs to be further improved in China. Continuous efforts are required to monitor postvaccination adverse reactions in BPD children, and make vaccination more convenient and accessible.
Subject(s)
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia , COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , East Asian People , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Vaccination , Child , Humans , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , East Asian People/psychology , Vaccination/psychology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Child, Preschool , Parents/psychology , Health Services AccessibilityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of infectious diseases remains one of the major challenges faced by the Chinese health sector. Policymakers have a tremendous interest in investigating the spatiotemporal epidemiology of infectious diseases. We aimed to review the small-scale (city level, county level, or below) spatiotemporal epidemiology of notifiable infectious diseases in China through a systematic review, thus summarizing the evidence to facilitate more effective prevention and control of the diseases. METHODS: We searched four English language databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, and SinoMed), for studies published between January 1, 2004 (the year in which China's Internet-based disease reporting system was established) and December 31, 2021. Eligible works were small-scale spatial or spatiotemporal studies focusing on at least one notifiable infectious disease, with the entire territory of mainland China as the study area. Two independent reviewers completed the review process based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 18,195 articles were identified, with 71 eligible for inclusion, focusing on 22 diseases. Thirty-one studies (43.66%) were analyzed using city-level data, 34 (47.89%) were analyzed using county-level data, and six (8.45%) used community or individual data. Approximately four-fifths (80.28%) of the studies visualized incidence using rate maps. Of these, 76.06% employed various spatial clustering methods to explore the spatial variations in the burden, with Moran's I statistic being the most common. Of the studies, 40.85% explored risk factors, in which the geographically weighted regression model was the most commonly used method. Climate, socioeconomic factors, and population density were the three most considered factors. CONCLUSIONS: Small-scale spatiotemporal epidemiology has been applied in studies on notifiable infectious diseases in China, involving spatiotemporal distribution and risk factors. Health authorities should improve prevention strategies and clarify the direction of future work in the field of infectious disease research in China.